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Electron beams up to 10 MeV are already widely used in industry for a variety of applications, including the sterilisation of medical products and for modifying the structure of materials, in the particular polymer cross-linking of wires and cable, the manfacture of tyres and shrink wrap and for surface curing. Following pilot studies demonstrating the benefits they bring, there is also a growing interest in their use for treating both existing and emerging forms of environmental pollution. This seminar will explain how the treatment process works and, for environmental applications including sewage sludge, ship ballast water, marine diesel engine exhaust gases and others, show the benefits measured during trials and laboratory experiments. It will summarise plans for the future in these areas, but also demonstrate that it is not so easy to bring a "new" technology to a well-established industry.