Ivana Hristova: Okay, so we're back to our question session.
Ivana Hristova: Are there any questions to on the tail.
Ivana Hristova: So my, my first question is, when you mentioned about the new reactor
Ivana Hristova: Flux precision that it's not very well known.
Ivana Hristova: I've heard about building in the future mini reactors meaning nuclear reactors and would that be something that could improve the knowledge of the of the reactor flux
anatael: We haven't thought about that. I mean, it depends on how it works. I mean, the main problem with the reactors. You've let me just go back just essentially this lady again to illustrate the point
anatael: The main problem with the reactors.
anatael: Let me summarize it in this way is that them.
anatael: It, unlike the sun. For example, I mean if you let me, let me explain very broadly. This done, you have one basically
anatael: Interaction. I mean, the PP neutrinos, the DP essentially fusion. That gives you 99% of the flags of the neutrinos. If you understand that.
anatael: You understand everything. And if I were trying to just understand since a long time ago and we understand that to the level of the premium level.
anatael: Is one interaction and all the knowledge is about that one single interaction that is only interaction, but there are much smaller isn't really if you, Minister, that you are really seen the University of San, the brain with the reactors.
anatael: Is that there are many contributions that is around basically like a 40 isotopes that they are competing one another.
anatael: In almost in the same range and that some isotope of course I'm dumping and respect to the others.
anatael: But at least you can say that there is a competition of around 10 or 20 isotopes that drive a lot of that especially I know energies that are even more than isotopes.
anatael: And the big problem is that to understand. You need to understand them all to understand the whole thing. You cannot just understand one is very hard. You really need to listen them all and they're all the problem is
anatael: In the nuclear reactor, things are basically out of basically equilibrium. So things are happening in a very complex monitor that it's very hard to replicate.
anatael: So it turns out that the today's approach to measure the electrons and things like that is actually extremely hard if you use another reactor
anatael: Us to have the same salary of information is very difficult to decode involve all these information extremely hard, it's a matter of fact.
anatael: There is some information about the two values in the spectrum that you might be able to use but actors typically don't have the real solution to that. So making a long story short,
anatael: Maybe that helps you, but it's more reactors give you basically lower statistics, but typically
anatael: And and and the question is whether you will be able to, you might gain something, but you might lose two other things. It depends on how these reactive work and my apologies. I'm not, I'm not familiar to the kind of reactors.
anatael: And but I wouldn't be honestly. Our first first order convinced unless there is a very detailed argument of how that would work.
anatael: It's very have physics. So I personally think that the only way to improve today. These understanding
anatael: Is to do very, very precise measurements on that with neutrinos. You have to give up on trying to understand the electron
anatael: And then converting from the electron to the to the neutrino. And the reason for that is that nuclear physics that is basically breaching the electronic cleaner to the neutrino.
anatael: Is actually extremely hard about and very badly known. So even if you make a perfect measuring with electron
anatael: You cannot guaranteed that you're converted spectra within neutrino is actually to the same level of precision worse.
anatael: You don't even know what position you may get out. Unfortunately, because they conversion is what Let's know that actually the data, sometimes. So unfortunately, this is very hard nuclear physics. And I would say that this is today.
anatael: As good as we can get. Unless we really think of a completely new technique on that and I could be wrong. And I hope to be wrong, of course, but I i would be reluctant to believe that I'm wrong, until I mean we looked into the details.
Ivana Hristova: Yes, yeah. Yes, that's that answered my question. Yes.
Buttinger, William (STFC,RAL,PPD): On this topic, though. I'm not a neutrino physicist, but is this understanding the flux is this. Isn't this why you build a near detector.
anatael: Actually deposit. We give me a director, because we almost pathetically we realized that this program is so hard that we put any other technical to bypass this problem.
Buttinger, William (STFC,RAL,PPD): Yes, that's what I mean that's what i mean you you're measuring the flux using a detector.
anatael: Like yeah you need, you put this program under the rock. The reality is that you just basically what you're doing it in your ear detector. You sold the prudent for the far
anatael: But you never understood the Permian in here, of course we they need, you're always getting some knowledge and actually the right i mean by putting the detector itself. You're getting millions of events. So we're getting such a precision that we're improving on that.
anatael: But unfortunately, the full rationality.
anatael: Is essentially to admit acknowledge this room is so hard that we are ready to play a factor of two or more, the cost of an experiment because it's just impossible to solve.
anatael: Unfortunately, now if you if you want to do, just do that one, two, or 313 if you want to do just the mixing part then that solution works usually addicted. As you highlighted. Exactly.
anatael: totally perfect and you measure the relative difference that give you your mixing term. Now the enemies that you never understood your absolute flag stern and that right now is the most important term if you want to go beyond just understanding feed on 23
anatael: So you know if they use a problem that you always think that you solve a problem by bypass in it. And these problem always comes back, just in a different way.
Buttinger, William (STFC,RAL,PPD): Sorry, could you summarize again what you mean by go beyond the two on two feet, one, three,
anatael: So for example, if you for example what I try to highlight. If you want to measure the unit territory for example of the matrix, which is something right now assumed
anatael: Understanding FICO on to imagine to one personal understanding Sita 13212132 1.3 level both you can make infinitely perfect measurements.
anatael: If you don't understand your absolute basically reactor flags, you will not be able to test basically physics beyond the standard model in this way and this is busy understanding the
Buttinger, William (STFC,RAL,PPD): Flex. Okay, thank you.
Ivana Hristova: Okay, so another question I had is that the liquid or techniques, as you said, is counter intuitive. So it's a interesting how it originated. Do you know
anatael: Yeah I know where the, where the high I vented myself. So I mean, I can tell you very honestly, is it desperation as simple as that.
Ivana Hristova: I was yes as, as is typical. Okay. I mean, these. I mean, make making a long story short,
anatael: I mean, and that was the holy grail. If you were able to see that these positron is there.
anatael: in virtue of its any relation as I showed you before.
anatael: These implies easily you can tell that this is not an electron or a single gamma or an alpha, alpha is a proton as a point like disappoint like point like and he's a point like and the only
anatael: The only brand you might have is a living with cameras. So it was absolute inspiration. And the reason is that double Shaw has one of the most of the poorest actually over burdens for the feeder monthly experiment and I was
anatael: Driving the analysis and I was basically looking for the way I mean to find positrons, and I failed. Honestly, I failed. I failed to solve it in double soul.
anatael: And but I now know why I failed because in fact I know in double saw or Juno or an experiment like is impossible.
anatael: And I now how to do it. But that actually means liquid or. This means that completely from way to articulate the detection strategy.
anatael: So I i dramatically failed endeavor. So, but, but I think I've, I've managed to make it work. What is well and we're in the process of still to make it work. Let me be more humble than that. But we think that we know this works, it would work, essentially.
anatael: For these generation with and they buy products honestly speaking, where there are multiple but that I like to say, I'd love to say that I for so the mall and the reality is that we've been discovering these as we go along. As time goes
Ivana Hristova: Okay, thanks. I was not sure, but now I know that you are the inventor of this liquid. Oh.
Ivana Hristova: detection method and the other. The other question I have is about the
Ivana Hristova: commercial production of such things status and whether that has also application form in industry, have you
anatael: Talked for the reality is that
anatael: These, these insulators actually
anatael: Nobody knows how to do much of that because very honestly. We've been for 70 years throw into the garbage everything that was not transparent.
anatael: And it turns out is ironic that simulation is actually a rather mundane processing nature. You can see simulation in many materials actually in the simulator lot
anatael: But in neutrinos in high energy physics. In general, if it was not transparent. We just posted to a larger stand at least we thought it was not fully useful for our detector, of course.
anatael: Plastic simulators are not fully transparent and they are actually beautiful on some context so
anatael: So essentially, right now, this comes down to a completely new field that we are exploring what I'm doing right now for liquid. Oh, is using a traditional liquids into later that it starts transparently.
anatael: And that we are able to convert it because this way we understand the simulator very well.
anatael: But they're really holy grail, in my opinion, a strategy or if you like is when you start really looking into completely different ways of doing liquid simulators.
anatael: Opaque liquid simulators and then you might be able to do some things which are today beyond reached and we're already looking into that but that that that that is our call it Amina
anatael: Bleeding r&d and we're ready considerations that and these main fly. Just to give you an appetizer these main prize, increasing the light levels by by factors and that implies
anatael: Big breakthroughs, if it was possible. But if that is the super early and we don't talk about it. He's actually very confidential at this moment.
Ivana Hristova: Oh yes, I understand. So
Ivana Hristova: Yeah, I guess we we will hear in the future. Some more real measurements and see the proof that this technique works and can be applied experimentally.
Ivana Hristova: Yes. Are there other comments or questions.
Ivana Hristova: If not, I think we can wrap up. And thank you very much again and I tell it was a great pleasure to have you at our seminar and we hope to meet again and good luck with your tests.
anatael: Thank you very much. The pleasure for me to thank you
Ivana Hristova: Thank you.
anatael: Bye bye guys
Ivana Hristova: Thank you, everyone. Thank you everyone again for joining.
Ivana Hristova: See you next time.
Ivana Hristova: Let's close
Ivana Hristova: The seminar and stop the recording.