WEBVTT

1
00:00:03.880 --> 00:00:07.460
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Hello everyone, welcome to today's seminar.

2
00:00:07.590 --> 00:00:12.469
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: here in the room, I have around 10 people on Zoom.

3
00:00:12.620 --> 00:00:26.319
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, let us introduce our speaker. We have Xiangle Lu from University of Warwick. He earned his Bachelor of Science from Beijing, and then diplom Physica.

4
00:00:26.420 --> 00:00:27.689
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: from Hamburg.

5
00:00:28.840 --> 00:00:39.839
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Then he completed a PhD at Heidelberg on heavy iron physics, working on data analysis in the Alice experiment at CERN. Then he moved to Oxford.

6
00:00:39.960 --> 00:00:41.920
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: as a PD…

7
00:00:42.300 --> 00:00:58.739
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: All right. Starting to work on neutrinophysics. He was awarded the Ernest Rutherford Fellowship, then joined… he joined War Week, in 2021.

8
00:00:59.290 --> 00:01:08.469
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And… His current major project includes Juno and the Warwick TPC platform.

9
00:01:09.740 --> 00:01:10.590
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Soap.

10
00:01:15.760 --> 00:01:29.219
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Thank you, everyone. Hello, good morning, and hello to the people on Zoom. So, I'm glad to tell you about the status and the first research shout from the Coalition of Surf Tree.

11
00:01:29.490 --> 00:01:32.269
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Before we talk about, you know, perhaps…

12
00:01:32.370 --> 00:01:51.979
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: is useful to reveal what's machinery. First of all, instead of what a machinery is quite poorly, it has no electric charge, and it has no marks. So, the first question is, how do we actually know there are different necinos? Six of them included. So, I call them phases machinos, actually.

13
00:01:52.570 --> 00:02:00.539
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: You know, when you turn into animals, actually, it can produce charge buckles, and then different species produce different charge.

14
00:02:00.710 --> 00:02:03.749
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: That helps. And thereby, we have…

15
00:02:03.950 --> 00:02:11.740
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So there's a flavor assigned to the chinos, and so everything becomes a bit familiar and normal.

16
00:02:11.880 --> 00:02:14.140
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: being sent a motor. However.

17
00:02:14.430 --> 00:02:29.949
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: nature is different, slightly, so we know that neutrinos have some marks, and that actually gives us another way to recognize the neutrinos. But are they the same as the flavor way to see the neutrinos?

18
00:02:30.730 --> 00:02:48.520
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is the problem about, machinery identification, so to say. So the… in this animal, we have the flavor eigenstate, and then we also have now the mass eigenstate, and in fact, they are connected by the so-called PMNS matrix.

19
00:02:48.520 --> 00:02:55.540
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Let's not go into this detail yet, but regardless, then if you don't have masses, so 3 of them, 3 different masses, what does it mean?

20
00:02:55.960 --> 00:03:11.470
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, one has to be the smallest, of course, and then the other has to be large. Then what is the remaining one? The remaining one really depends. If it's close to a small one, then we actually have the so-called normal ordering, and if the,

21
00:03:11.970 --> 00:03:24.160
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: To be the one that is actually close to the large one, we have the emerged ordering. So, from this narrative, the early work guys that the mass ordering, or the so-called mass hierarchy problem, is in fact.

22
00:03:25.150 --> 00:03:28.130
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: A problem when there are more than two months.

23
00:03:28.420 --> 00:03:30.720
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is really, interesting.

24
00:03:31.030 --> 00:03:35.350
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: What's more interesting is that now we have the mass gaps.

25
00:03:35.510 --> 00:03:38.939
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And also, the ice state mixing.

26
00:03:39.300 --> 00:03:49.449
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Then we actually produce machine observations. This is a very blank statement. So, in fact, we can understand this by a doctor of analogy.

27
00:03:49.660 --> 00:04:04.989
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, for example, in a magnetic field, spin up and spin down have different energy, and then we have this energy gap, and also the up and down state combined in different ways to produce an X and Y state. So as time goes on.

28
00:04:05.210 --> 00:04:08.650
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the X and Y states actually oscillate.

29
00:04:09.420 --> 00:04:18.549
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is the same thing, mathematically, as our original solution. So, we see here that she knows how the mask gap, and also the mixing.

30
00:04:18.680 --> 00:04:37.549
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: MS, and eventually, we see the flavor will either survive or disappear, so these are the same probabilities as in the spin rotation phase. But now, the phase is a function of the mass gap at M squared, and as a function of the L over in the baseline, and the final energy.

31
00:04:37.920 --> 00:04:44.200
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, now… By far, we haven't really talked about specifics about the

32
00:04:44.450 --> 00:05:01.920
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: as GAAP and PMS, we're here with the native. What is more important at the moment is to ask the question whether all these three flavors participate in oxygenation or not, two or three flavors. This is an important question, because if we have just two flavors.

33
00:05:02.300 --> 00:05:16.500
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: then the constraint on the oscillation probability is so strong that there's no difference between machine oscillation and anti-machine oscillation. However, when we have three frame oscillations, this additional equal freedom actually

34
00:05:16.620 --> 00:05:23.289
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Can allow the social path to be different between tumors and anti-tumers, and therefore lead good potential.

35
00:05:23.480 --> 00:05:28.829
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: measure the so-called CP violation in the electronics sector.

36
00:05:29.730 --> 00:05:31.520
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, can we…

37
00:05:31.650 --> 00:05:38.120
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: to some specifics about the mass. We know three different states, so 2 independent mass scams.

38
00:05:38.290 --> 00:05:42.419
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And the big one is 30 times larger than the small one.

39
00:05:43.090 --> 00:05:51.719
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And now, by definition, the small one is always the 2 minus 1, and therefore the delta M squared is always

40
00:05:51.830 --> 00:06:02.190
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Possibly. Then, if asked, the only possibility to arrange the third step either is further beyond the 2, which is the normal hierarchy, or

41
00:06:02.370 --> 00:06:11.980
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We note first, there is this remote here. This interchangeable in my, narrative here.

42
00:06:14.220 --> 00:06:17.220
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Let's look into the PMLS metrics.

43
00:06:17.800 --> 00:06:30.200
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's a bit complicated, but in fact, we can dissect it in the following world. So the 1, 2 is missing between the mass 1 and MAS2 state, and 2, 3 is about the new cau state.

44
00:06:30.630 --> 00:06:39.439
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Then the C213 is very interesting, because if CT13 is zero, then effectively has the proof flavor missing.

45
00:06:40.120 --> 00:06:47.049
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And by the discussion before you guys, in such a case, we won't be able to look at CPU relations.

46
00:06:47.940 --> 00:06:56.169
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And luckily, this delta CP is not zero, and the delta CP can be… could be, in principle, the subject.

47
00:06:56.300 --> 00:07:00.199
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, what is the opening question in the tumor oscillation?

48
00:07:01.430 --> 00:07:04.840
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: First of all, we won't be able to measure on certain months.

49
00:07:04.980 --> 00:07:12.369
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: with efficient oscillations. Therefore, if you want to know about electron masses, we can only know about the gaps, like the M squares.

50
00:07:12.790 --> 00:07:20.939
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And we also want to know more how they miss the head, and they made the missing parameters needs to be better determine

51
00:07:22.230 --> 00:07:23.270
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, mis…

52
00:07:23.540 --> 00:07:42.870
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: all these interesting fusion topics, what can we do? Experiment? So, we have different regional sources, and here is somewhere as a function of additional energy. You see the MV and the JV here. So, around this fusion, we have solar regionals, geo-dictionals.

53
00:07:43.440 --> 00:07:52.050
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, of course, our acid regions, also, In the achievement.

54
00:07:52.180 --> 00:08:06.960
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If we are concerned with machine oscillations, then we will probably first look at soil additionals, right solutions, and oscillator, and atmospheric machineryls. A very interesting fact is that for the soil originals, they are all

55
00:08:07.280 --> 00:08:08.330
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: nutrients.

56
00:08:09.140 --> 00:08:14.989
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Of the electron flavor, and in contrast, the red one is electron antigenous.

57
00:08:15.210 --> 00:08:23.510
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And as long as oxygenation is concerned for the silicone molecules and atmospheric neutron, we care about them beyond

58
00:08:25.150 --> 00:08:30.510
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, just remind ourselves that there are only two independent N-squares.

59
00:08:30.650 --> 00:08:44.979
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: and the oscillation phase is proportional to a WM squared scaled by L over E. So what happens if we put all the experiments in a diagram with the energy E and the baseline L,

60
00:08:45.380 --> 00:08:55.849
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, here we have the MVV and the GEV routine, and the 1km baseline, a 1,000 kilometer baseline. So we see, actually, we have one cluster.

61
00:08:55.990 --> 00:08:59.190
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have one cost this year for direct experiments.

62
00:08:59.400 --> 00:09:04.539
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And the outcast of Tasota and of the February part of town.

63
00:09:05.260 --> 00:09:11.400
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: They're the two things looking in the same perspective, because they're on the same line of LOV.

64
00:09:11.690 --> 00:09:27.899
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Therefore, let's actually pop in the same delta N squared, which is the last one, the large one, because the delta N squared is large, therefore the LORE just need to be small to show the oscillation, and this fast oscillation.

65
00:09:28.630 --> 00:09:36.550
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But still, with the Victor, We can actually extend the baseline, and we see a lot of

66
00:09:37.090 --> 00:09:53.049
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: cluster here, and it's on a different line of the LOVE, and in fact is sensitive to the small M, right? And because the deadline is quite small, it takes more time for long distance to see oscillation, therefore it is slow.

67
00:09:53.170 --> 00:09:54.270
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: oscillation.

68
00:09:55.270 --> 00:10:04.090
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, also, you see four disasters have their relative strength in measuring all the parameters. Here, this was 3.

69
00:10:04.370 --> 00:10:12.999
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Here, this has 2, 3, and there's a CP, and also here, this is 1, 2, and 0M squared are all matched out. So, this is the end of the story, isn't it?

70
00:10:13.180 --> 00:10:14.430
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Is there anything more?

71
00:10:16.620 --> 00:10:20.840
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, what you see here… is the…

72
00:10:21.740 --> 00:10:27.050
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Survival probability of the reactor anti-neutrinals as a function of the baseline.

73
00:10:27.370 --> 00:10:35.150
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: How now did the pyrene measurement using accelerated kinos to measure the snow oscillation.

74
00:10:35.570 --> 00:10:36.760
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: I'm not cut.

75
00:10:37.100 --> 00:10:46.009
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's really highly. It is the first time that we actually measure these so-called solar missing parameters with reactors.

76
00:10:46.540 --> 00:10:51.520
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But you can see, because they are partnering, they didn't really sit at

77
00:10:51.960 --> 00:10:57.100
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the advanced location. And, you know, with all this hindsight.

78
00:10:57.470 --> 00:11:07.009
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: is filled, and there's no oscillation, oscillation maximum. Here, therefore, it is extremely sensitive to this solar system.

79
00:11:07.430 --> 00:11:09.590
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And the best focus would be

80
00:11:09.800 --> 00:11:16.159
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Juno's measurement of this autonomous synthes, and the Juno performance that this first result you saw the space of.

81
00:11:17.530 --> 00:11:19.849
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Of course, Arjuno is built for more.

82
00:11:21.180 --> 00:11:30.719
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If you look more closely now, we can focus on the blue line. It is a small oscillation, maybe it's a fast one, sitting on the slow one.

83
00:11:31.200 --> 00:11:37.330
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is very interesting because, in fact, if you look at Oh.

84
00:11:37.570 --> 00:11:44.990
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the flavor evolved between the electron flavor and the meal and count flavor, you see something like that.

85
00:11:46.160 --> 00:11:49.760
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, pure different pleasure, and they graduate.

86
00:11:51.760 --> 00:11:57.589
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Maximum need towards… maximum conversion to the milk flavor and the top flavor.

87
00:11:57.690 --> 00:12:02.259
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So this is at the Juno baseline. Once the

88
00:12:02.680 --> 00:12:06.109
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: She knows past the genome baseline, you've actually seen

89
00:12:06.210 --> 00:12:09.240
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Following the large oscillation, it comes back.

90
00:12:10.180 --> 00:12:13.800
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Back and forth, back and forth. The small widow still states.

91
00:12:14.640 --> 00:12:20.270
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is important because This small vehicle, Actually.

92
00:12:20.520 --> 00:12:27.769
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: is sensitive to the maximum rate. So it depends on whether it's normal holding or inverted holding.

93
00:12:29.470 --> 00:12:30.700
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have to shoot.

94
00:12:31.510 --> 00:12:41.280
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, you know, it's very ambitious, we try to measure neutral mass ordering by measuring the oscillation spectrum.

95
00:12:43.220 --> 00:12:48.660
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, first thing first, why do we want to measure neutrino mass audit in the first place?

96
00:12:49.190 --> 00:13:03.860
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Well, I haven't seen my TJ colleague yet, so, but I think it is a fair statement that even if you know about, you know, math and altering, it would be extremely difficult

97
00:13:04.140 --> 00:13:05.210
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: commercial.

98
00:13:05.330 --> 00:13:09.020
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the CP. You can imagine in a scenario that

99
00:13:09.150 --> 00:13:19.690
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Nature is mass, is normal ordering, but that one experiment actually measured the CH in this big area, in this space, but the other experiment measured

100
00:13:20.040 --> 00:13:23.070
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: A specific theme, but a little different.

101
00:13:23.520 --> 00:13:24.840
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: I'm with SpaceX.

102
00:13:25.440 --> 00:13:30.720
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Not to mention that At the moment, we don't know which order it is.

103
00:13:31.140 --> 00:13:39.580
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: On the other hand, in order to tell whether Latino CSMR of Iraq, we grouped on the search for the journalist.

104
00:13:39.720 --> 00:13:42.229
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: What happens if we are already?

105
00:13:42.330 --> 00:13:46.860
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Sensitive to the mass in this region, but still haven't found anything.

106
00:13:47.180 --> 00:13:49.679
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Then the interpretation really depends on

107
00:13:49.800 --> 00:13:54.409
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The mass order gets inverted ordering, fine. It means there's no

108
00:13:54.930 --> 00:14:04.220
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: neutron is propagate decay, and therefore, neutrinals are derived particles. But… Yve.

109
00:14:04.740 --> 00:14:11.230
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Fortunately or unfortunately, because it's normal holding, then it means that we just have to work much harder.

110
00:14:11.540 --> 00:14:17.310
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: to try to look for, which means the object. So mass polling matters or more.

111
00:14:17.690 --> 00:14:25.640
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: to take our strategic experiment plan as well. So, it also influenced

112
00:14:25.770 --> 00:14:33.099
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The sum of the original mask is cosmology, and it is also a place of port.

113
00:14:33.700 --> 00:14:39.189
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In the region of labor evolution, the super evolution of supernova evolutions.

114
00:14:39.620 --> 00:14:45.109
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, where's Juno? Juno is, in the south part of China.

115
00:14:45.420 --> 00:14:51.380
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah? If you zoom in, you will see that there's… 52.5 kilometers.

116
00:14:51.620 --> 00:14:56.319
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: I wait for two bigger pot plants, the Longjiangular Pork Plant.

117
00:14:56.430 --> 00:14:59.090
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And also the types of pumps.

118
00:15:02.790 --> 00:15:20.659
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: You cannot get some, names here, Hong Kong Xie, and, Guangzhou Xie, this is my hometown. So, this whole area is the so-called Guangdong, Hong Kong, Greater Bay Area, one of the powerhouses of the Chinese economy.

119
00:15:21.900 --> 00:15:27.059
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The Journal Corporation had more than 700 participants.

120
00:15:27.230 --> 00:15:36.040
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And we have a very strong team in Europe, for example, and the UK work started in, officially.

121
00:15:36.140 --> 00:15:40.640
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: 2022. Actually, it was only about much earlier than that.

122
00:15:41.390 --> 00:15:46.210
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's a pipe, corporation. You see our collaborators?

123
00:15:46.600 --> 00:15:53.570
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: At the time to help the local farmers, but just enough time to cut these small patches, you know, cold-filled.

124
00:15:54.240 --> 00:16:00.060
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, we try to make wound cake, this is a special type of cake, it's the IC.

125
00:16:00.330 --> 00:16:03.629
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Coating will take. What's the issues.

126
00:16:04.810 --> 00:16:08.930
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, you know, there's an underground lab, so this is the core.

127
00:16:09.070 --> 00:16:09.870
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah.

128
00:16:10.020 --> 00:16:19.129
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: 500 meters deep, we have experimental pump. Because it is in a hilly area, in fact, we have about 700 lots of work.

129
00:16:21.600 --> 00:16:23.199
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It looks like this.

130
00:16:23.470 --> 00:16:28.850
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Hong Skye, and here is the entrance of Grant.

131
00:16:29.040 --> 00:16:35.420
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: to the lab, and also this other entrance. So, either we take the slow terminal.

132
00:16:35.840 --> 00:16:48.119
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, 1,000, meters, in this very interesting, card, or actually take the leaf down section meters from the vertical shock.

133
00:16:49.150 --> 00:16:53.930
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: What you see here now is the, do not detect it.

134
00:16:54.290 --> 00:16:59.860
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The biggest structure is the cylindrical, was attacked.

135
00:17:00.020 --> 00:17:02.910
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It has a diameter for the fuel pump.

136
00:17:03.370 --> 00:17:16.690
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: 5 meters, and the height is 44 millimeters. And in fact, there is this particle separating two regions. The outer one is most shrink off, detected with 35 kilohms of water.

137
00:17:17.109 --> 00:17:27.269
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So… Then the inner part, I will omitre, is the 5 kilometer of the below the Tyrax.

138
00:17:27.740 --> 00:17:32.910
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, the Tyvek actually sits on the stainless steel structure.

139
00:17:33.240 --> 00:17:39.549
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, this is the whole thing smooth structure. I'm gonna sit on it, and this structure actually holds

140
00:17:40.240 --> 00:17:42.829
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: some veto PMTs.

141
00:17:43.140 --> 00:17:47.990
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: 2000, looking outwards into the water and chunk of the path.

142
00:17:48.410 --> 00:17:53.650
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And also, some large PMTs looking inwards towards

143
00:17:54.080 --> 00:18:01.799
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the inner structure, and also with small PMTs. So, in Porto, we have about 18.

144
00:18:02.060 --> 00:18:09.949
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: 18,000 large PMTs, and about 26,000 small PMTs. In total, they cover

145
00:18:10.200 --> 00:18:17.309
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: 78% of the area. So, this audio coverage is a scary number.

146
00:18:17.450 --> 00:18:20.210
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Because 78% means that.

147
00:18:20.400 --> 00:18:25.099
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The holding structure, the same structure, only can have.

148
00:18:25.340 --> 00:18:27.659
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: mechanical, precision.

149
00:18:28.890 --> 00:18:35.099
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: better than series on the meter. If things get worse, there's no way to fit them together.

150
00:18:36.470 --> 00:18:39.389
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It would be a disaster, but we actually manage it.

151
00:18:40.380 --> 00:18:52.410
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, compared to pure onion, we can see the inner… innermost part is the acrylic vessel. It has a diameter of 35.4 meters.

152
00:18:52.540 --> 00:18:57.159
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, inside it holds 20 kilotons, increasing connector.

153
00:18:57.280 --> 00:19:08.319
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The centimeter, light emission tip is at around 430 nanometer. It is the, wide blue, like this.

154
00:19:09.370 --> 00:19:14.919
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, everything is just, on paper, right? Now, let's look at some photos.

155
00:19:15.210 --> 00:19:27.950
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So here, all we see is the stainless steel structure, and beneath it is the part of the acrylic vessel. So, assume clean, because those, are the workers, yeah.

156
00:19:30.400 --> 00:19:41.760
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And now, you can see, actually, the little PMTs on the semi-steel structure, and actually, look closer, you can see the back of the large PMTs really being stuck.

157
00:19:42.020 --> 00:19:50.339
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, now, if you look at here, this is a flexible, and then this is the supporting row.

158
00:19:50.440 --> 00:19:56.600
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: on the stainless steel structure, and you can see the large PMTs and also small PMTs.

159
00:19:58.710 --> 00:20:01.740
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And this buffer error is actually quite large.

160
00:20:03.200 --> 00:20:08.539
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And all it has to… 10th per hour, or 5 meters.

161
00:20:10.190 --> 00:20:11.150
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So…

162
00:20:11.560 --> 00:20:21.709
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The Trunload project first got approved in China in 2013, and then, Lucan 14, was victory, and so on and so forth.

163
00:20:22.510 --> 00:20:26.289
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And the conceivable construction started in 2015.

164
00:20:26.700 --> 00:20:35.689
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have a great, challenge to tackle because of the underground water, and then, later.

165
00:20:35.810 --> 00:20:42.890
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: towards the decade, we were hit by COVID, and eventually the zero construction was finished, and the company continued growth.

166
00:20:43.320 --> 00:20:47.950
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And… Then we started the detective donation.

167
00:20:48.280 --> 00:20:50.379
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And it's how it was done.

168
00:20:56.020 --> 00:21:01.180
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: About serious effort in 30 seconds.

169
00:21:19.830 --> 00:21:21.880
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So it's done, just another time.

170
00:21:23.050 --> 00:21:32.929
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If you look at the status, the detectors will happen inside this 2022, then 2023, and then 4, and this is…

171
00:21:33.520 --> 00:21:35.960
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Right before everything is finished.

172
00:21:36.370 --> 00:21:45.910
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And here is a comparison. When we first touchdown onto the base, it looks like Star Road Death Star.

173
00:21:46.140 --> 00:21:48.600
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: That's a bit.

174
00:21:49.180 --> 00:21:54.209
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And here… You see the happy faces, everyone?

175
00:21:54.820 --> 00:21:58.259
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But this is not done yet. We need to clean the vessel.

176
00:21:58.460 --> 00:22:02.829
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And actually, we use a high-pressure water gun.

177
00:22:03.000 --> 00:22:03.999
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Where do you?

178
00:22:04.910 --> 00:22:09.770
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's mesmerizing, isn't it? You can look at the whole day. But,

179
00:22:09.910 --> 00:22:13.600
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Let's continue. After it's done, we can see

180
00:22:13.770 --> 00:22:17.600
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the vessels like this. All these fights fought.

181
00:22:18.040 --> 00:22:21.730
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Spots are actually the joints for the supporting role.

182
00:22:22.080 --> 00:22:24.240
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: On the sphinx you structure.

183
00:22:24.430 --> 00:22:30.189
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And do the rest of you can see behind, actually, all those PMTs.

184
00:22:32.610 --> 00:22:33.720
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So what's…

185
00:22:33.920 --> 00:22:41.270
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is done, you can actually fill the whole detector and also the inside of the vessel with water.

186
00:22:42.010 --> 00:22:48.700
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: pure water, and this was sadly, on December 24th.

187
00:22:48.880 --> 00:22:52.100
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: After 2 months, the sun, it looks like it's…

188
00:22:54.460 --> 00:23:06.590
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, from February 2025, we start to replace the water in the present detector with nickel synthetic. It's a very delicate process.

189
00:23:06.890 --> 00:23:12.529
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Therefore, two, six months to finish. But then, when it's finished.

190
00:23:13.110 --> 00:23:19.190
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: really move on quickly. So, in August, 115?

191
00:23:19.500 --> 00:23:25.830
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Once the liquid center finish, filling is finished, we start the calculation campaign.

192
00:23:25.940 --> 00:23:31.740
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And on the 26th of August, we have this completion. You can see…

193
00:23:32.710 --> 00:23:40.580
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The initial takes when the random, freedom cancellation is high and gradually decays out.

194
00:23:41.310 --> 00:23:45.710
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: After some days, we start to connect. This is quality data.

195
00:23:45.890 --> 00:23:57.400
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And by the time of the beginning of November, we have connected 69 calendar days of data, and this corresponds to 59.1 visas for a team.

196
00:23:57.650 --> 00:23:59.420
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: our database.

197
00:24:02.350 --> 00:24:13.400
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But, actually, during the collaboration, campaign before the, this data starting, we actually have already received, letter decimals, and that is,

198
00:24:13.540 --> 00:24:26.099
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Let's play for one of the golden tickets. I will talk about the original characteristic theta, but basically, you would first see a prompt, positive signal.

199
00:24:26.430 --> 00:24:30.760
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And then nearby, you also see a delayed neutral signal.

200
00:24:30.910 --> 00:24:39.339
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, spatial displacement is all, 1 meter or less, and then the pump is a few hundred microns.

201
00:24:39.870 --> 00:24:41.150
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: What was it?

202
00:24:42.120 --> 00:24:51.909
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, one of the key performance impacts is the generation net, both for the liquid inclinator and also for the water.

203
00:24:52.160 --> 00:25:01.429
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Because, for the, center detector, the attention length actually is critical.

204
00:25:01.730 --> 00:25:09.549
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: to tell us how much the life being will receive. And also, remember how much are critical helpful.

205
00:25:09.830 --> 00:25:13.159
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Radius of about 18 meters.

206
00:25:13.300 --> 00:25:20.749
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, if the attenuation length is too low, it means that the photon might not even get to the GMPs.

207
00:25:20.860 --> 00:25:28.770
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: or part of them get to it, or not, so depends on where the event is. There could be an uniformity.

208
00:25:29.420 --> 00:25:33.749
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: of the test response. So we… Try to,

209
00:25:34.280 --> 00:25:48.189
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: achieve a very low attenuation length. So, for the central detector, the design goes 20 meters, and we have actually achieved from L to 20.6 meters at the development

210
00:25:48.550 --> 00:25:49.860
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: move now.

211
00:25:50.280 --> 00:26:02.289
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And for the water drunk of detector, the design goal is 40 meters alternation length. But with ultra-pure water, actually, we have achieved 70 meters.

212
00:26:04.690 --> 00:26:14.719
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the… And we actually are looking at the low energy, and therefore, radial purity is important.

213
00:26:14.900 --> 00:26:22.790
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have, however, internal reader activities from two major sources. First of all, it's a cosmogenic separation.

214
00:26:23.010 --> 00:26:36.060
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: When muons come into the detector and they interact, actually can produce all this variation for that. On the other hand, the material itself could contain natural liquidity.

215
00:26:36.430 --> 00:26:40.470
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Uranium, thorium, so on and so forth. All this decay.

216
00:26:40.910 --> 00:26:43.959
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Eventually, to our past pages.

217
00:26:44.110 --> 00:26:51.599
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: On the one hand, they are condemnish, of course. On the other hand, actually, they provide us an ideal image.

218
00:26:51.780 --> 00:27:00.239
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: separation source for AVA, for example. And specifically, if you look at this decay chain bipoles, so-called bipol 2 and 4,

219
00:27:02.490 --> 00:27:06.910
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Here. So, this moves, and they're also blown them.

220
00:27:07.050 --> 00:27:08.700
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Case 2…

221
00:27:09.520 --> 00:27:24.519
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: beta is a tombscope, and then alpha is basically. This has some very, nice characteristic, coincidence, and that we can identify them easily. It would be very helpful. So, by measuring the bipole.

222
00:27:24.690 --> 00:27:27.069
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We actually have an idea.

223
00:27:27.250 --> 00:27:29.840
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: How to ensure their activities.

224
00:27:30.220 --> 00:27:33.630
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: I take inside the detector and also die south.

225
00:27:33.820 --> 00:27:36.079
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So… Quite a ton.

226
00:27:36.350 --> 00:27:40.199
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Well, given the commission, we actually measure

227
00:27:40.330 --> 00:27:49.590
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: all this radioactivity inside the CE, and also the water frequency. You see that all these contaminations.

228
00:27:49.860 --> 00:27:55.930
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Either is already achieved the design level, or even faster than the design.

229
00:27:56.050 --> 00:28:09.389
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The effort is actually tremendous. The analogy would be to achieve all this is equivalent to have less than 10 milligrams of gas in the whole time field we go into it.

230
00:28:10.050 --> 00:28:12.350
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's many orders of magnitude.

231
00:28:13.190 --> 00:28:23.660
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: of control. So… Fortunately, the energy resolution is very important, therefore we actually need to calibrate a Worldwide.

232
00:28:23.890 --> 00:28:31.749
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is our city, and we can actually deploy the source around the Z-axis, and also we can put the source

233
00:28:32.310 --> 00:28:39.279
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Radiative source, division source, or a smooth tank here, all around the muscle itself.

234
00:28:40.180 --> 00:28:43.149
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is the exact deployment plan.

235
00:28:43.480 --> 00:28:48.670
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, we have the C-level 7 mechanism, VT4.

236
00:28:49.000 --> 00:28:57.250
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: potassium 40, and cobalt 60. They all have different gamuts, they have different advantages.

237
00:28:57.360 --> 00:28:59.940
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: axis.

238
00:29:00.330 --> 00:29:09.870
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And we also have dimension carbon source that give us the strong gamma signal, and also the neutron capture gamma signals.

239
00:29:10.120 --> 00:29:15.700
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And they are deployed on the Z-axis, and also on this CRS system.

240
00:29:15.810 --> 00:29:16.610
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Bye.

241
00:29:16.930 --> 00:29:22.370
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So… with all this, Energy, Jim, back of

242
00:29:22.550 --> 00:29:26.370
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We actually can understand the nonlinearity.

243
00:29:26.530 --> 00:29:30.280
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Of the energy spokes. You know, our different…

244
00:29:31.330 --> 00:29:35.270
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In fact, our understanding is better than 1%.

245
00:29:36.620 --> 00:29:42.090
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If you look at our rejected energy, Compared to the expected one.

246
00:29:42.370 --> 00:29:49.460
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have achieved an understanding of all, and you scale better than 0.5%.

247
00:29:50.020 --> 00:30:00.730
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And if you look at this, at the different location of the radius, maybe when the event happens at different radius, then we see, actually.

248
00:30:00.870 --> 00:30:04.960
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: They don't vary that much. It's a good indication of the uniformity.

249
00:30:05.180 --> 00:30:11.669
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And of course, when things happen near the boundary of the vessel, this becomes

250
00:30:11.780 --> 00:30:19.060
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: were difficult to come to, this neighborhood. So… inside folk.

251
00:30:19.480 --> 00:30:24.070
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: of the judicial warning. Actually, the formality is kind of cheap.

252
00:30:25.480 --> 00:30:35.860
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So… Coming to the energy calibration, the eventual assessment study, did we use the romantic power source.

253
00:30:36.020 --> 00:30:40.259
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And look at the energy restriction. There's 40%?

254
00:30:40.490 --> 00:30:52.210
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: However, if we look at all this gamma archival, which is close to 1md, He,

255
00:30:52.600 --> 00:31:04.570
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The solution is 3.4%. You might say, okay, it's good enough, but in fact, it's still, worse than, the expectation, or 3.1%. But remember that.

256
00:31:04.740 --> 00:31:12.910
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's only 60 days, or… data. And we are still trying to control through construction, and with,

257
00:31:13.230 --> 00:31:16.289
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Better methods, and also better energy consumption.

258
00:31:18.370 --> 00:31:22.779
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, the timing of the art event is…

259
00:31:22.960 --> 00:31:33.649
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Very useful for two reasons. First is to reject backgrounds, and also, the information is used in the spatial, reconstruction, maybe the vertex reconstruction.

260
00:31:33.890 --> 00:31:45.959
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So what you can, see in this slide is that the event level distribution time may be the, actual measured time compared to the expected, time for the event.

261
00:31:46.650 --> 00:31:52.539
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: looks like this for the how much PMT, and also the Chinese GMT. For both of them.

262
00:31:52.860 --> 00:32:09.539
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: you see the prompt arrival peak, and also the data is well described by the model. So this is very important because it means that we understand the time response of our PMTs, and this is consistent with the design, and it's not a limiting fact.

263
00:32:09.790 --> 00:32:18.980
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, all this performance is sufficient for background visual and also for the with extra construction.

264
00:32:19.560 --> 00:32:32.670
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, the spatial reconstruction is that we use the time information and also potentially with the energy information to reconstruct where it's happening inside this, all simulation.

265
00:32:32.710 --> 00:32:44.599
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, we put the German source along the Z axis, and then you can drop the Z component of the vertex, and we can see the bias is within 10 centimeters.

266
00:32:46.670 --> 00:32:52.030
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is… And, the deviation is not just at the boundary.

267
00:32:52.140 --> 00:33:11.379
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And on the other hand, the resolution of this reconstruction is using 10 to 10 to 20 centimeters. So you see, actually, in both cases, the boundary effect is very strong. On the one hand, the knife reaction is not uniform, and it's sometimes maxed.

268
00:33:12.000 --> 00:33:23.760
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And also, when you're close to the boundary, the total refraction actually happens, and then change the optical properties very much. Therefore, the boundary is always a difficult region.

269
00:33:24.100 --> 00:33:30.420
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, yeah, we have many information to tell from this project. First of all.

270
00:33:31.180 --> 00:33:36.470
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This shows the event rate at the outermost 10 centimeters.

271
00:33:36.640 --> 00:33:43.019
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: inside a critical vessel. So, what you see is that you can adjust the position of the environment.

272
00:33:44.230 --> 00:33:47.410
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And you see all these bright spots.

273
00:33:47.520 --> 00:33:54.950
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: They are actually the external radioactivity, coming from the John forms of clingo.

274
00:33:55.300 --> 00:34:11.230
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, we see that in the outer part of a critic vessel, actually, there's regularity because of the external radioactivity. Reason 1. Reason 2 is that in all this breathing, the

275
00:34:11.690 --> 00:34:18.469
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: optical performance, It's way back, and for this region, we actually need to cut out

276
00:34:19.400 --> 00:34:24.510
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, very, out of the, electric world.

277
00:34:25.550 --> 00:34:30.599
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But overall, the white execute injunction is sufficient for mass selection.

278
00:34:31.150 --> 00:34:37.889
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Like, to define the physician wording, and also, if you want to correct for any

279
00:34:38.210 --> 00:34:40.470
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Morningsteps, or radio debts.

280
00:34:40.659 --> 00:34:44.889
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: non-uniformity, then the word congestion will be used.

281
00:34:45.969 --> 00:34:51.779
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Now, let's look at the physical event. What happens if an anti-imeter?

282
00:34:52.500 --> 00:34:57.319
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Which, you know, comes steam inside the detector. So…

283
00:34:57.440 --> 00:35:05.969
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We'll be looking at so-called numerous fated check. It's a reaction dependence on hydrogen or of carbon, because the energy is not hot.

284
00:35:06.810 --> 00:35:08.529
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: For support.

285
00:35:09.090 --> 00:35:21.790
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: we have the positional reduced, and then we can align with the natural. So, this bondage of energy, is highly correlated to the nutritional energy itself.

286
00:35:22.880 --> 00:35:29.360
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: On the other hand, the neutron do some random walk, and then slow down, and then capture it.

287
00:35:31.970 --> 00:35:41.660
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Little capture as a very nice feature. First of all, the energy is about too much for NV.

288
00:35:41.830 --> 00:35:52.240
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, if we relate it automatically, and then the capture energy, then we see, actually, we can identify the secret event away from the background.

289
00:35:53.790 --> 00:35:57.699
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: On the other hand, the actual, capture time is about…

290
00:35:58.420 --> 00:36:03.990
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: To me, our trigger time is 200 microseconds, and we can comfortably

291
00:36:04.120 --> 00:36:09.029
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Select this time window, and also the distance between form.

292
00:36:09.450 --> 00:36:12.090
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And then the next signal is…

293
00:36:12.240 --> 00:36:24.669
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: quite small. Actually, it can go up only to 1 meter, so we can also define this spatial restriction. So, all in all, for IDE, we have the triple coresiness selection.

294
00:36:26.550 --> 00:36:28.959
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Of course, you have to worry about the background.

295
00:36:29.080 --> 00:36:45.160
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: What kinds of background do we have? We have the internal with the activity that I just mentioned before, and here specifically, the lithium helium one is very dangerous. It's caused by neuron bombardment of the liquid synthetic concentrating expedition.

296
00:36:45.290 --> 00:36:47.570
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: However, it will decay.

297
00:36:48.270 --> 00:36:56.070
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: in beta and also, neutron, it provides, actually, the very fake IBD process.

298
00:36:57.280 --> 00:37:15.230
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And we have the natural radioactivity we just mentioned, and in addition, we have the external background coming from the world, geodes, and world vectors, and also from geolationals from those remaining thorium in the cross sediment.

299
00:37:16.840 --> 00:37:19.930
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So… In order to select the rank.

300
00:37:20.040 --> 00:37:35.609
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: As I mentioned before, we first need to define the fiduciary volume, cut away the outermost layer. This is to guarantee that we don't have the contamination coming from our side, but also to guarantee that the trusted performance is fast.

301
00:37:36.410 --> 00:37:43.530
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: On the other hand, we, reject occasional PMT, math signatures, and also.

302
00:37:43.780 --> 00:37:49.730
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Very importantly to remove anything related to N… Incoming.

303
00:37:49.850 --> 00:37:52.069
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We will insert the detector.

304
00:37:52.290 --> 00:38:05.549
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And we also require that we have exact, two triggers that is expected for the IBE, and after that, we perform, finally, the typical coincidence selection.

305
00:38:06.070 --> 00:38:10.249
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, the muon is so important because if it…

306
00:38:10.480 --> 00:38:17.749
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Veto them, or there's delayed inactivity, we will have the internal activity contamination.

307
00:38:18.160 --> 00:38:21.509
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, let's first have a look how it is done.

308
00:38:21.630 --> 00:38:38.500
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In the WCD, it is by the strength of light, and in fact, we see 9 thirds of neurons in this detector. And it can also detect in the CD by the energy signature and the spatial extension of it, so we have the five gates.

309
00:38:39.120 --> 00:38:44.410
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If I could, for the new, registered in the city.

310
00:38:45.100 --> 00:38:48.889
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And if we compare, to,

311
00:38:49.890 --> 00:38:58.669
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: triggers or signatures of the neuron. In the CDNWCD, we actually can determine the typing efficiency for the neurons.

312
00:38:58.800 --> 00:39:03.059
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And it's almost 100%, so it's very good.

313
00:39:04.110 --> 00:39:16.569
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If we look at the distribution of all these incoming yields, we see most of them coming from above, because we are an underground territory, this is expected. And here we see the data

314
00:39:16.940 --> 00:39:20.259
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And Montal Greece went well for the stater.

315
00:39:20.890 --> 00:39:21.990
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: a smooth.

316
00:39:22.120 --> 00:39:26.210
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The polar, distribution and also the osmosis distribution.

317
00:39:26.600 --> 00:39:30.139
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is not a sugar block, because the new hands.

318
00:39:30.320 --> 00:39:42.709
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the overburden and the above-hole structure in a different, aus direction. If you remember from this, both sides view, we have actually a huge area.

319
00:39:42.870 --> 00:39:52.979
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the data, or the color consistency, actually tell us we have modeled all this structure, precisely. So that's the flat normalization and shape.

320
00:39:53.430 --> 00:39:56.190
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: are consistent between data and cop.

321
00:39:59.150 --> 00:40:15.369
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, in the end, we have all these candidates along with us. Let's go through them one by one. First of all, for the low oscillated spectrum, we expect, a certain, signal rate, and the major

322
00:40:15.500 --> 00:40:23.029
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Difficulty or dominating systematic disease is how we count the number of protons in the liquidate.

323
00:40:23.300 --> 00:40:29.380
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, it contributed to 41% in semantics, and also the react marks.

324
00:40:29.980 --> 00:40:40.609
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: currently is constrained by the police diability type data. So this reference spectrum has 1.2%, this is much error.

325
00:40:41.220 --> 00:40:49.449
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, of course, we have residual, the specific systematics that is related to Python.

326
00:40:49.640 --> 00:40:51.610
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So the damsel nuclear power plant.

327
00:40:51.830 --> 00:40:56.970
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And these are reported, respective somatics.

328
00:40:57.840 --> 00:41:04.329
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In total, over these 60 days, of, physical support team.

329
00:41:04.530 --> 00:41:14.110
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have about 2,400 brands, so on average, 60, sorry, 40, candidates per day.

330
00:41:14.700 --> 00:41:20.779
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If we look at the predicted background, in total, it's about 6 background percent.

331
00:41:24.240 --> 00:41:32.930
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The most important crack one is the lithium imion, the cosmogen inspiration, Welcome to Malaysia.

332
00:41:33.600 --> 00:41:38.850
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If we look at the sequel to Baton Ridge, it's about, A.

333
00:41:39.110 --> 00:41:45.800
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In fact, this is always a very good number, because if you consider how shallow the experiment is.

334
00:41:46.230 --> 00:41:56.149
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: On the other hand, the second largest background comes from the jewelry, you know, and even though it's a background, but in fact, it's a very interesting digital literature.

335
00:41:59.070 --> 00:42:08.110
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, we have to collect all this event, for agency, and the major reduction of agency comes from the Finnish volume.

336
00:42:08.560 --> 00:42:11.130
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And it also contributed that

337
00:42:11.610 --> 00:42:18.799
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: That is mathematics, and it's a problem 6%. The overall efficiency is about 70%.

338
00:42:22.030 --> 00:42:38.530
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: when we have, subtracted all the background, and then we should really be seeing the signal. And what happens if we look at it day by day, this is a very interesting observation, because we have the data, on the other hand, actually.

339
00:42:38.650 --> 00:42:43.299
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: is highly consistent with the predictions. The story is not bad.

340
00:42:43.550 --> 00:42:47.040
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: around 2013, September.

341
00:42:47.260 --> 00:42:54.970
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: There was a typhoon hitting the area, and one of… well, this is one of the strongest typhoons in the area.

342
00:42:55.210 --> 00:43:00.279
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In the past, you know, few decades. I'm one of the directors

343
00:43:00.410 --> 00:43:04.219
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: code is turned off, therefore we directly see emitting

344
00:43:04.810 --> 00:43:09.030
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: or drop in the number of UMs. And then when it's…

345
00:43:09.290 --> 00:43:12.760
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Die off, actually written on the other core.

346
00:43:12.970 --> 00:43:17.079
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And at this point, in October, we turn off another call.

347
00:43:17.240 --> 00:43:21.820
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, basically, we see a world dynamic.

348
00:43:22.820 --> 00:43:29.820
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Number of candidates increase here, and our data actually defines this channel.

349
00:43:30.370 --> 00:43:39.629
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Precisely. Effectively, this plot shows us that we have achieved American real-time monitoring at a distance of 50 kilometers.

350
00:43:40.100 --> 00:43:42.769
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And of course, it really depends on the core power.

351
00:43:44.830 --> 00:43:54.180
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Now, after all the cooking, it's time to serve the dish. What we see here is the spectrum of our event candidate.

352
00:43:54.530 --> 00:43:56.740
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: That's a function of the top end.

353
00:43:57.330 --> 00:44:03.370
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The dots are the data, and the big structure is to expect this question, the oscillation.

354
00:44:03.890 --> 00:44:08.560
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, immediately, you see the oscillation effect is very strong.

355
00:44:09.020 --> 00:44:16.650
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And… With all the previous background, and this is the geological background, and then these are all the others.

356
00:44:17.600 --> 00:44:23.840
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have very high… And the overall spectrum.

357
00:44:24.710 --> 00:44:28.679
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: With the fitted surgeon promaker, this is in the back.

358
00:44:28.800 --> 00:44:35.579
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, when we compare the oxidative spectrum with the non-opsided spectrum, we see the distortion

359
00:44:36.440 --> 00:44:39.489
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's driven by the sort of missing payments.

360
00:44:40.280 --> 00:44:45.230
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The background is under control, and all this

361
00:44:45.570 --> 00:44:50.820
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: observation has been done in three independent analysis groups.

362
00:44:51.090 --> 00:45:02.869
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: All the different machineries for selection, reconstruction, airport estimation, delivery response, and fitting, all differ in this free analysis code, and then they all achieve consistency.

363
00:45:04.760 --> 00:45:10.890
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If we look at the soil mixing parameters, the creation…

364
00:45:11.120 --> 00:45:13.840
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And comparison with other field submission.

365
00:45:14.190 --> 00:45:25.369
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: we have interesting oscillations. First of all, in terms of single experiment sensitivity, our general result has an robot that is 1.6 times smaller.

366
00:45:25.580 --> 00:45:27.210
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The previous best one.

367
00:45:27.540 --> 00:45:28.400
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And…

368
00:45:28.790 --> 00:45:38.670
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Our result is a significant improvement, but standing on the shoulder of giants, of course, is better than the previous

369
00:45:38.900 --> 00:45:40.920
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Particular case of nature.

370
00:45:41.200 --> 00:45:42.850
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Genome meshing.

371
00:45:44.430 --> 00:45:47.000
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And we only give a success to you based off data.

372
00:45:47.950 --> 00:45:51.380
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If we look at the single family test.

373
00:45:51.630 --> 00:45:59.209
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And the errors, we see that both parameters are old and true, The person never accrues.

374
00:46:00.570 --> 00:46:08.120
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: What is more interesting to my taste is that it's that M squared tool want, actually.

375
00:46:08.390 --> 00:46:12.509
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: as two groups. Our result is consistent with other

376
00:46:15.510 --> 00:46:20.710
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: oscillation experiments, however, The same quantities can be measured by…

377
00:46:21.340 --> 00:46:26.900
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: experiment using the machinery from the sun, and then they consistently

378
00:46:27.090 --> 00:46:29.810
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Divide from the one from the reactants.

379
00:46:30.000 --> 00:46:36.670
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So… Is there something interesting going on? We don't know. It's good to think about it.

380
00:46:37.580 --> 00:46:46.190
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, at this moment, we are transiting to a precision error for each, photonics in parameter literature.

381
00:46:47.510 --> 00:46:54.150
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In fact, we have demonstrated that the present level measurement is possible as long as we have

382
00:46:54.350 --> 00:46:58.169
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: A much larger detection, and also high enough statistics.

383
00:46:59.600 --> 00:47:04.710
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So beyond the first measurement, we expect to measure.

384
00:47:05.430 --> 00:47:06.380
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Dude.

385
00:47:07.450 --> 00:47:11.659
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, not missing parameters, and also the delta M squared C1.

386
00:47:11.770 --> 00:47:16.660
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: To enter the sub-percent level accuracy.

387
00:47:17.680 --> 00:47:19.810
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Up to 100 days of data.

388
00:47:20.410 --> 00:47:30.749
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And for the mass ordering sensitivity, suppose we have normal ordering, then we would reach 3 sigma after 7.1 years.

389
00:47:30.990 --> 00:47:37.809
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And if it is diverted forwarding, then the same exposure actually will give us 0.17.

390
00:47:39.230 --> 00:47:43.120
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The vision of Juno is that

391
00:47:43.360 --> 00:47:50.279
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: 10 years' time, after 10 years, definitely before 20 years, the oscillation landscape will be.

392
00:47:50.390 --> 00:47:51.370
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Undescripted.

393
00:47:51.580 --> 00:47:56.909
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, at that point, we would already know what the best product means, and what's the next…

394
00:47:57.020 --> 00:48:06.270
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the focus. That would be the original storage decay. So, one proposal to upgrade the original experiment is to put

395
00:48:06.650 --> 00:48:07.710
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: a balloon?

396
00:48:07.900 --> 00:48:09.970
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Inside the central detector.

397
00:48:10.150 --> 00:48:16.980
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And this poll is filled in various niches in it, or pollution. It's not decided yet.

398
00:48:18.720 --> 00:48:21.409
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But that would be a very interesting follow-up.

399
00:48:22.790 --> 00:48:24.720
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: However, overall.

400
00:48:25.720 --> 00:48:38.200
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The observatory is designed for the next 30 years. The science exploration will good, but as you all have seen, there are solutions, and also visionaries for the Earth.

401
00:48:38.810 --> 00:48:52.289
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But, in fact, we can also see material from the sun, from atmosphere, from perhaps below Earth, and also, Juno can search for obvious them, like the Earth can.

402
00:48:52.770 --> 00:48:56.930
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, for… the solar… There she knows.

403
00:48:57.170 --> 00:48:58.000
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Dude.

404
00:48:59.100 --> 00:49:07.970
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: quickest way to understand how the measurement can be done is the following. We just, specify starts with the first four that

405
00:49:08.140 --> 00:49:21.229
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: accuracy, because the season, let's say, you know, is small, we can simply put it as silo, because we don't care about the long top flavor. So this sort of pinupon, basically.

406
00:49:21.460 --> 00:49:24.800
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It comes a perfectly vertical oscillation.

407
00:49:25.340 --> 00:49:31.870
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So here it becomes. In the center of the sun, the new eats produce.

408
00:49:32.090 --> 00:49:36.420
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And it's this mixture of the mass 1 and 2.

409
00:49:37.120 --> 00:49:42.470
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If dilution of energy is involved, The investment in true pocket.

410
00:49:42.570 --> 00:49:46.979
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: I see that emerging, and this merchant population continues.

411
00:49:47.390 --> 00:49:55.419
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: To us, because it is fast, there is enough to travel, they don't have computers or coherence anymore, they just add up.

412
00:49:56.130 --> 00:50:03.349
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: independently. Therefore, we have a survival property of the electron, Mark, please.

413
00:50:03.950 --> 00:50:05.689
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, a number of things, yeah.

414
00:50:06.270 --> 00:50:11.859
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: However, if we have the… high energy neutrinos from the sun.

415
00:50:12.020 --> 00:50:16.909
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Because of the matter fact that most of the Latinos will

416
00:50:17.310 --> 00:50:26.040
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: be, in the, V2 at the surface of Sun, and then, again, it continues to propagate.

417
00:50:26.300 --> 00:50:31.249
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In infection. And in this case, we have survival ability.

418
00:50:31.900 --> 00:50:32.740
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Peter.

419
00:50:33.610 --> 00:50:39.310
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But now, we have the question. We talk about low energy and high energy, but how high is high?

420
00:50:39.580 --> 00:50:51.800
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In these two flavor observations, the only NH scale is that the N squared to 1. Therefore, actually, the NH scale is calculated by this. When you stretch.

421
00:50:51.920 --> 00:50:53.480
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the true vineyards.

422
00:50:53.640 --> 00:50:55.250
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have this autonomi.

423
00:50:55.920 --> 00:50:57.999
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If you can measure this by hand.

424
00:50:58.300 --> 00:51:02.530
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We can match a distance and scratch one. This is the best idea.

425
00:51:03.440 --> 00:51:10.419
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, here in Juno, for difference, because M squared to 1, We have different…

426
00:51:10.790 --> 00:51:15.429
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: predicted human shape, or spectral shape, and you can see

427
00:51:15.740 --> 00:51:18.620
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's all in the MBU gym.

428
00:51:19.030 --> 00:51:26.170
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Therefore, if we can measure the column 8 solutions, This measurement can be done.

429
00:51:26.340 --> 00:51:34.859
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's very interesting, because in one single experiment, you can measure the same basic quantity, mainly in solar mixing parameters.

430
00:51:34.900 --> 00:51:47.150
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: from directions, and also from machinery from the sun. This will give us direct comparison that relates to market impact for machinery's most anti-mutinals, or perhaps PSM.

431
00:51:49.100 --> 00:51:53.760
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And in addition, we are also sensitive Sure, Arden.

432
00:51:53.870 --> 00:51:59.319
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: solution of species. I mentioned that we can actually pop inside the sun, period.

433
00:52:00.320 --> 00:52:01.680
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's very difficult.

434
00:52:02.540 --> 00:52:12.829
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: However, because the soil nutrients are all regions, not anti-lynees, therefore, the reaction happens not on the hydrogen, not on the carbon.

435
00:52:13.820 --> 00:52:24.940
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It can only happen for electrons with analysis scaling. Of course, there are other small channels at 1%, weight that happen,

436
00:52:25.600 --> 00:52:31.319
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But to the first, order, the next sketching is amazing attribution.

437
00:52:31.910 --> 00:52:34.310
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: That's… Beautiful.

438
00:52:35.200 --> 00:52:44.579
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: without the IPD, for instance, in this case, it's very difficult to select the line. Therefore, we have to control the background to the extreme level.

439
00:52:47.750 --> 00:53:04.800
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Now, let me come to the end and some more. So, after certain years of effort, General is, deleted, and then run it, and the whole provision is so excited and happy, especially the younger generation, because they can actually play with the data.

440
00:53:05.460 --> 00:53:10.480
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And the first, general result is using 26 days off.

441
00:53:10.600 --> 00:53:16.989
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Data, and avoid producing what's needing results for those sort of permissions.

442
00:53:17.220 --> 00:53:19.780
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And it has demonstrated.

443
00:53:20.150 --> 00:53:23.110
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Alright, so precision.

444
00:53:23.490 --> 00:53:29.549
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Mutino measurement, with 20 kilot 10 degrees centimeter as a baseline 50 kilometers.

445
00:53:30.020 --> 00:53:40.970
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, looking ahead, actually, what we have demonstrated is the validation of the digital performance in terms of the energy and background control made.

446
00:53:42.040 --> 00:53:45.619
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: All these key performance, usually at the sun level.

447
00:53:45.940 --> 00:53:51.130
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And some of them are actually better than this time. But, the critical one.

448
00:53:51.450 --> 00:53:55.500
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We're still working on, we're working on that, and it's mostly mapped.

449
00:53:55.990 --> 00:54:05.310
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, in the future, near future, towards the next ordering, we get past the thesis, And also optimize.

450
00:54:05.480 --> 00:54:10.569
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: In terms of performance. But most importantly, near detection.

451
00:54:11.120 --> 00:54:13.300
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: at the Taisha, you could call Trump.

452
00:54:13.470 --> 00:54:25.000
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: had just gone online of that belief. And when this data is used, we will use this to constrain additional files and provide a reference section.

453
00:54:25.270 --> 00:54:30.400
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So instead of using the iPad, we actually can have our own data detection constraint.

454
00:54:30.760 --> 00:54:35.119
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, O in PO provides a diagnostic program for the next 40 years.

455
00:54:36.230 --> 00:54:37.030
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Okay.

456
00:54:43.240 --> 00:54:46.410
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Thank you again for very nice review.

457
00:54:46.700 --> 00:54:51.139
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the whole experiment. So we have time for questions.

458
00:54:57.340 --> 00:55:01.519
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yes. I was, I was curious, like, the, 3 millimeters of,

459
00:55:01.730 --> 00:55:13.830
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: construction. What's the density of the liquid's insulator? How much does the detector change? When you change from liquid's insulated? It's lighter than water, therefore when you see, actually,

460
00:55:14.040 --> 00:55:20.180
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Filling. We drain down the water and then pump it in the liquor syndrome as some form above.

461
00:55:20.480 --> 00:55:27.450
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And you raised an important point, because There's only maximum one,

462
00:55:27.900 --> 00:55:42.109
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: pressure balance point between the water and the centenator. And then, actually, we have tuned it like that. It is always a negative pressure inside the vessel. Namely, always is the water pushing inside.

463
00:55:42.930 --> 00:55:57.049
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: That, is, better for the mechanical, integrity of the vessel, because it's easier to go against pressure, instead of, against the implosion from inside.

464
00:55:57.310 --> 00:55:59.790
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, all this mechanical stress.

465
00:55:59.920 --> 00:56:09.560
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: A stress on the acrylic vessel, and also the stainless steel structure has been in the calculation, and also monitored closely with the pressure sensors.

466
00:56:11.850 --> 00:56:18.479
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, I'm just trying to understand, does that mean that you've been controlling the pressure such that there was essentially no change?

467
00:56:18.710 --> 00:56:21.739
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Shaking button, and I'm swapping for more general security.

468
00:56:23.050 --> 00:56:36.800
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's a dynamic process. We have to balance point by point, but eventually, it is the, balance point is not gone, so there's no balance point. But when we filled, we do have

469
00:56:36.980 --> 00:56:51.960
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: to, change starting point, and then see gradually how the whole system reacts. Because, it's fun… funny, when you see the strength, or the level, or the ground, it actually changes when you fail. So, it's really scary.

470
00:56:52.350 --> 00:56:58.989
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: what… what does it mean? But eventually, stabilize, and then everything is understood, I would say.

471
00:57:00.000 --> 00:57:08.099
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, nothing's really planned, but, thanks to all these, instant monitoring, we do have a gradual understanding of it.

472
00:57:08.990 --> 00:57:10.150
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's very impressive.

473
00:57:18.400 --> 00:57:26.149
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, you pointed out that, there's a, tension between data from, the sun and reaction.

474
00:57:26.570 --> 00:57:28.450
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is a solid tunnel token.

475
00:57:29.730 --> 00:57:32.399
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, is there, like, a future plan?

476
00:57:33.060 --> 00:57:37.440
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: schedule for Chuno to do that as well. Let's see if,

477
00:57:37.700 --> 00:57:42.830
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: If you can still see that tension, then the same… for this…

478
00:57:42.980 --> 00:57:49.420
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Specific for this program, the, reactive part is mostly done, so what you…

479
00:57:49.690 --> 00:57:58.690
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: further do with the anti-affirmation from the earplates to shrink the air box. But then, on the other hand, Juno can also

480
00:57:58.910 --> 00:58:01.619
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Measure the solutionals.

481
00:58:03.010 --> 00:58:06.699
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: itself, so… Yeah, to provide.

482
00:58:06.860 --> 00:58:08.860
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the delta M squared to 1.

483
00:58:09.100 --> 00:58:15.780
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: consolidation, and hopefully we can also shrink the airports, and you'll actually see in one experiment.

484
00:58:16.040 --> 00:58:18.619
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Whether we still have this discourse?

485
00:58:20.420 --> 00:58:21.210
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Thank you.

486
00:58:34.020 --> 00:58:37.840
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, any questions from Zoom?

487
00:58:42.570 --> 00:58:42.915
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Sweet

488
00:58:44.650 --> 00:58:54.530
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Next. So you, you had mentioned the possibility of supernova, perhaps is something you want to optimize. How much does that influence the DAQ?

489
00:58:58.840 --> 00:59:05.139
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We have, that creates a trigger on that. So,

490
00:59:11.670 --> 00:59:14.940
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It doesn't affect the, current drone scheme.

491
00:59:15.060 --> 00:59:16.220
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's surrounded.

492
00:59:16.490 --> 00:59:20.990
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But then, I don't see a confliction in them, so…

493
00:59:30.300 --> 00:59:39.590
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: May I ask, how do these, data changing days are counted, and what is the downtime for

494
00:59:40.280 --> 00:59:41.280
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: ouch.

495
00:59:42.040 --> 00:59:46.639
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: What's the… Lifetime of the detector.

496
00:59:52.870 --> 01:00:06.560
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, first of all, we exclude all those, tests or bad data, and then we also have the, data put, television runs. They are also excluded, so the remaining time

497
01:00:06.660 --> 01:00:13.529
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: is, 1, and then we also have the DQ time defined as the thesis passed equation.

498
01:00:13.660 --> 01:00:25.019
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, so this is how all those, periods are end up together, and then counted toward the 59 days. Oh, nice.

499
01:00:25.580 --> 01:00:29.749
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, the uptime is, quite high, about 1976.

500
01:00:30.790 --> 01:00:37.119
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yes, so… I'll, yeah, consider that a little bit.

501
01:00:37.800 --> 01:00:39.679
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And on slide 15,

502
01:00:45.370 --> 01:00:54.610
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Sorry, I have… I always have a hard time understanding this plot. So, you have oscillation length on the right,

503
01:00:54.680 --> 01:01:05.400
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, the energy, and then EVI. Can you please explain this a bit? How this is… the structure of this diagram? Yeah. Okay, so this is the energy of the additional values.

504
01:01:05.570 --> 01:01:13.840
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And that is how far the machine will travel from the source to the detector. There's a distance of… yeah, this is the baseline.

505
01:01:14.930 --> 01:01:20.770
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, and then, correspondingly put the, Expandemic.

506
01:01:21.460 --> 01:01:27.410
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So, the left side GEV is the… Oh, obviously, converted.

507
01:01:28.920 --> 01:01:34.720
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Hpasi becomes one, I would say.

508
01:01:35.020 --> 01:01:41.900
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: with this neutral unit, you just convert the L from the length to the energy.

509
01:01:45.190 --> 01:01:50.169
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, if you… then the Juno part is the… merely the…

510
01:01:50.540 --> 01:01:57.390
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: The yellow one. The journal is specific here, the baseline is 1.52 kilometers.

511
01:01:57.500 --> 01:02:00.720
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So it's here at that energy will cause several…

512
01:02:00.820 --> 01:02:08.269
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: from, POM 1MB to 10MB, so there's an extension this away.

513
01:02:08.700 --> 01:02:18.179
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: But then the baseline is rather small, or… It's between those two black lines. No, no, no. The other baseline is the rental.

514
01:02:18.320 --> 01:02:22.499
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's a lot of experiment. Okay. So, for journalists, only it's not.

515
01:02:22.880 --> 01:02:24.510
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Okay.

516
01:02:25.860 --> 01:02:30.689
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: By the way, Renault, is key, does not exist anymore.

517
01:02:31.170 --> 01:02:43.970
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This product is in 2020, so it's a bit outdated. Okay. Nowadays, we are only talking about camera and druno, but then, Snow Plus Fusion also had, presented, solar mixing.

518
01:02:44.460 --> 01:02:50.820
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Without form, get a sold, sold us also sitting here.

519
01:02:53.550 --> 01:02:54.340
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Fantastic.

520
01:02:55.820 --> 01:03:06.080
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Sorry, it reminded me of something else you mentioned early on, that if there were only two neutrina species, and there was no concept of a normal or inverted ordering.

521
01:03:06.250 --> 01:03:09.600
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: I was a little curious about that, I mean.

522
01:03:10.000 --> 01:03:29.259
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: I would sort of imagine it could make a difference to things whether the heavier neutrino is mostly electron, or mostly neon, if those are the two species that are in. It depends how you define things. What is the order you've defined things, right? So, you can always define one as the lightest one.

523
01:03:29.420 --> 01:03:36.509
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And how is this, 2. And in this case, you just observe what is the composition of

524
01:03:36.720 --> 01:03:40.909
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: the different flavors to 1 and 22, that's all.

525
01:03:41.350 --> 01:03:46.819
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So the essence of the three flavor, or hierarchy or order is that

526
01:03:47.780 --> 01:03:57.000
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: It's really… I understand the definition with three. I'm just sort of not sure that it follows that with two, it's not an interesting question.

527
01:03:59.750 --> 01:04:03.239
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: We, obviously you just have to measure the fractions, but…

528
01:04:05.170 --> 01:04:09.959
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, and you make a good point. What happens if the two actually is dominated by the electron?

529
01:04:13.250 --> 01:04:17.259
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, what you call this a mess of your mouth?

530
01:04:17.900 --> 01:04:21.260
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: That's But…

531
01:04:27.920 --> 01:04:37.639
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Can I ask for your, projection for the 7-year measurement, whether that is impacted by the number of

532
01:04:37.770 --> 01:04:47.010
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Accelerators around, or… and whether Adding a newer… accelerator would, reduce, or…

533
01:04:47.440 --> 01:04:50.480
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: How that period could be reduced.

534
01:04:53.140 --> 01:05:09.670
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This, first of all, is statistics from the vectors, and also the detector performance. And we remember, in order to tease out the information of the mass ordering, we have to see the results.

535
01:05:09.720 --> 01:05:20.870
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: of the spectrum. That requires superb energy, resolution. And, the current projection is based on 3.1%.

536
01:05:21.430 --> 01:05:33.650
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And we are observing 3.4%, so still some work to do then that actually limits our day. On the other hand, we also need to understand that on oscillative spectrum.

537
01:05:33.940 --> 01:05:43.230
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Very well, and this is where the tau really had to come in. So, with the tau and better calibrations.

538
01:05:43.280 --> 01:05:57.660
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: we could achieve this 7.1 years, or, maybe, use to read and, performance and total improvement. Yeah, I think this is a really exciting point about the general experiment.

539
01:05:57.950 --> 01:06:05.170
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, yeah, just a comment, I think it's really impressive for such a short time, since the…

540
01:06:05.430 --> 01:06:07.909
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Collection of data studies.

541
01:06:08.050 --> 01:06:20.710
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah. Yeah, thank you. But, yes, I guess everyone's curious about But the results, not true.

542
01:06:21.730 --> 01:06:30.929
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yes. I was also curious, I mean, the NT showed the picture, and the whole, thing is covered in the, sort of, some white material.

543
01:06:31.650 --> 01:06:33.969
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Are you there?

544
01:06:34.270 --> 01:06:41.320
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: one of the photographs, the detective… For example, in the 41, slide 41? …looked white.

545
01:06:45.090 --> 01:06:49.540
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, so what's this material which this is covering? Not the Tyvek.

546
01:06:50.770 --> 01:06:52.300
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: First of all.

547
01:06:52.930 --> 01:07:06.479
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: This is the, high density polyethylene, and this is, the Tyrag. They're all, effective, so, to improve the optical separation between different parts.

548
01:07:06.610 --> 01:07:17.140
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And also, this one can shield from the, shield the radioactivity, stop the material coming from inside, because the wall is dirty.

549
01:07:22.440 --> 01:07:25.449
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Tyler is a family material, it's actually a brand.

550
01:07:26.870 --> 01:07:34.810
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: So… but then it has been used in, basically, many original experiments to use optical separation.

551
01:07:35.940 --> 01:07:37.970
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Do you know where it is produced?

552
01:07:38.820 --> 01:07:45.089
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Mmm… Maybe, well, I know people buy it from China.

553
01:07:45.520 --> 01:07:52.080
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And, where are other places? I don't know, actually. It's commentary, actually.

554
01:07:55.310 --> 01:07:58.769
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: I think I've seen it in construction.

555
01:07:59.420 --> 01:08:00.990
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Which comes up?

556
01:08:01.330 --> 01:08:10.570
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: like, buildings, or… Oh, long distance. Because, I would say this time that we soon, have some,

557
01:08:11.450 --> 01:08:13.189
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yeah, let's fax that.

558
01:08:13.430 --> 01:08:22.890
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: is beyond, some construction. For construction, it's just shielded dust, right? Right. It's more than that. Oh, it's, yeah. Sure.

559
01:08:23.740 --> 01:08:24.800
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Okay.

560
01:08:24.920 --> 01:08:27.670
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Because it has to be immersed in liquid.

561
01:08:29.020 --> 01:08:29.859
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Yes.

562
01:08:30.060 --> 01:08:34.009
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: Okay, and let's thank, Shambo.

563
01:08:37.970 --> 01:08:50.430
STFC-RAL-CR03  R61: And we love the center here, and also. Thank you very much. Please join for lunch with us, and take some cookies with you.